ETF Investing by Country
Thorough ETF investing guides for investors around the world. Each guide covers local brokers, tax implications, retirement account strategies, and the best ETFs available in your country.
ETF investing has gone global. Whether you are in London, Sydney, Singapore, or Sao Paulo, low-cost index funds are accessible through local and international brokers. The challenge is navigating different tax treaties, withholding rates, and regulatory frameworks that determine which ETFs you can actually buy and how they are taxed.
Our country-specific guides break down everything: which brokers offer the lowest fees, whether you can access US-listed ETFs or need UCITS alternatives, how dividends and capital gains are taxed locally, and how to use tax-advantaged retirement accounts for ETF investing.
Popular regions
State, province, canton, and city-level guides with local tax rules and broker availability.
125 sub-national guides across 32 countries — states, provinces, cantons, Bundesländer, and major cities. Click any country card below for its full region list.
North America
United States
25 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in United States. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for United States investors.
Canada
8 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Canada. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Canada investors.
Europe
United Kingdom
15 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in United Kingdom. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for United Kingdom investors.
Germany
7 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Germany. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Germany investors.
France
3 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in France. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for France investors.
Switzerland
6 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Switzerland. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Switzerland investors.
Netherlands
2 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Netherlands. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Netherlands investors.
Ireland
2 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Ireland. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Ireland investors.
Sweden
2 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Sweden. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Sweden investors.
Norway
2 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Norway. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Norway investors.
Denmark
1 regionComplete guide to ETF investing in Denmark. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Denmark investors.
Austria
1 regionComplete guide to ETF investing in Austria. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Austria investors.
Belgium
1 regionComplete guide to ETF investing in Belgium. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Belgium investors.
Italy
3 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Italy. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Italy investors.
Spain
4 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Spain. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Spain investors.
Finland
1 regionComplete guide to ETF investing in Finland. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Finland investors.
Poland
2 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Poland. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Poland investors.
Czech Republic
1 regionComplete guide to ETF investing in Czech Republic. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Czech Republic investors.
Hungary
1 regionComplete guide to ETF investing in Hungary. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Hungary investors.
Turkey
Complete guide to ETF investing in Turkey. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Turkey investors.
Middle East
Israel
2 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in Israel. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Israel investors.
UAE
2 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in UAE. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for UAE investors.
Saudi Arabia
Complete guide to ETF investing in Saudi Arabia. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Saudi Arabia investors.
Africa
South Africa
3 regionsComplete guide to ETF investing in South Africa. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for South Africa investors.
Nigeria
Complete guide to ETF investing in Nigeria. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Nigeria investors.
Kenya
Complete guide to ETF investing in Kenya. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Kenya investors.
Egypt
Complete guide to ETF investing in Egypt. Best brokers, tax rules, retirement accounts, and recommended ETFs for Egypt investors.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I buy US-listed ETFs from outside America?
It depends on your country of residence. Investors in many countries can access US-listed ETFs through international brokers like Interactive Brokers or Saxo Bank. However, EU and UK investors are generally blocked from buying US-listed ETFs directly due to PRIIPs regulations and must use UCITS-equivalent ETFs listed on European exchanges instead.
What are UCITS ETFs and who needs them?
UCITS ETFs are funds domiciled in Europe that comply with the EU's UCITS regulatory framework, offering strong investor protections. They are the primary option for investors in the EU, UK, and many other countries where US-listed ETFs are restricted. UCITS ETFs often track the same indexes as their US counterparts but may have slightly higher expense ratios.
Do I need a local broker or can I use an international one?
Both options work, but each has trade-offs. Local brokers often integrate with your country's tax reporting systems and offer accounts in your local currency, reducing foreign exchange costs. International brokers like Interactive Brokers typically provide access to a wider range of ETFs and markets at lower trading commissions. Our country guides recommend the best option for each location.
How does ETF taxation work for non-US investors?
Non-US investors generally face a 30 percent US withholding tax on dividends from US-listed ETFs, though tax treaties can reduce this to 15 percent or less in many countries. Capital gains on US ETFs are typically not taxed by the US for non-residents. Your home country will also have its own rules for taxing investment income, which vary widely and are covered in our country-specific guides.